Juvenile Delinquency And Its Effects On Society Essay

Scholars have conducted many research to determine what causes juvenile delinquency. Some argue that delinquency occurs through association or from labels society have placed on the individual. Regardless of the results, parent (s) play a major role in the occurrence of juveniles engaging in deviant behavior. If a child lacks the love, affection, stability, and security from his/her parent (s), than the child will seek these such things from their peers. Juveniles often times seek love, affection, stability, and security from other youths that are experiencing the same problem. Once these youths get together, they start to reject society’s expectations and create their own rules. Due to the lack of parental supervision, these youths start to engage in property and violent crimes. Society recognize their groups as deviant and define them as a gang. Over the years, there have been an increase in juveniles joining gangs. Juvenile gangs can be viewed as dangerous. They deal with i llegal crimes: distribution of drugs, possession, prostitution, carry firearms, burglary, theft, and murder. Many scholars conducted their own definitions of gangs. However, there is no single definition. According to the National Institution of Justice, â€Å"much of the research literature about gangs focuses primarily on youth gangs, as opposed to adult gangs. Researchers accept the following criteria for classifying groups as gangs: the group has three or more members, generally aged 12-24, membersShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency And Its Effects On Society1856 Words   |  8 PagesGonzalez Professor Shaw Juvenile Correction Since humankind has existed there has been delinquency among all humans as years progressed delinquency continues but became regulated and classified by different socioeconomic characteristics; gender, race, age, and class. Until the 20th century children and adults who broke the law were treated in the same manner and incarcerated in the same place. There was no distinction in age as to how the sentences were imposed. Juveniles started becoming distinguishedRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Cause Juvenile Delinquency1156 Words   |  5 PagesNeglect cause Juvenile Delinquency Strain theory describes the idea that there are certain events and conditions in an individual’s life that are disliked and involve the inability to achieve goals, loss of positively valued stimuli, and presentation of negative stimuli (Brezina and Agnew). Child neglect and abuse can be described by this theory, and often is, because of its elements and the effect it has on children. Before the idea of child abuse and neglect causing juvenile delinquency can be arguedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Is The Common Juvenile Crime Performed By The Youth1525 Words   |  7 Pages Based on the report of Global Youth Justice Organization, the misuse of marijuana is the common juvenile crime performed by the youth. Marijuana abuse was ranked to be #6 in their list. Teens are being involved to marijuana use for diverse reasons and this includes poor supervision and communication of parents, family problems, lack of self- discipline, lack of discipline from parents or guardians, and family his tory of marijuana or drug abuse. Other risk factors would be physical and sexual abuseRead MoreFor the purpose of this research, the proposed theories that will be used are Agnew’s General600 Words   |  3 Pagesinfluential with explaining juvenile delinquency. Agnew’s Strain theory is not the main theory of this research but when examining juvenile delinquency as a whole and the beginning it gives an explanation for that not in social science. This theory is used as the basic foundation to discuss the reasoning of why youth may began to commit crime to begin with Juvenile delinquency is an issue to continue rises in society without a proper solution. Similar to adult’s juveniles have a tendency to recidivateRead MoreBreaking Down the Walls of Delinquency1685 Words   |  7 PagesObviously something is going on in today’s society if more and more children are committing delinquent crimes. Sometimes a researcher has to get to what he or she thinks is t he root of the problem to figure out what spawns a certain issue. What provokes a child to become delinquent and what makes the child gravitate so easily towards this lifestyle? It is necessary to explore how family life influences juvenile delinquency. Juveniles are more likely to become juvenile delinquents if there is little structureRead MoreRelationship Between Police Intervention And Juvenile Delinquency1459 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between police intervention and juvenile delinquency and what polices are ideal for deterring deviance amplification. There are two main theories that initiate America’s juvenile justice system: labeling and deterrence. Essentially, labeling proponents believe that official intervention increases delinquency and, oppositely, deterrence theorists argue that it cracks down on deviancy. Wiley et al. (2016:283) want to â€Å"inform this debate by examining the effect of being stopped or arrested on subsequentRead MoreJuvenile Justic e And Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act1577 Words   |  7 Pagespaper is to research the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act. The paper will focus on the purpose of this legislation, as well as the values that are expressed by this policy. This paper will not only address why this piece of legislation is important it will discuss the effects this act has had on the communities as well as the youths themselves. This paper, will also address the potential for change about the public attitudes towards the juvenile justice system and theRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Delinquency1322 Words   |  6 PagesVersion). Juvenile crime, in law, term denoting various offense committed by children or youth under the age of 18. U.S. official crime reported that in the mid-1900’s â€Å"about one-fifth of all persons arrested for crimes were under the age of 18† (Funk Wagnalls, 2014). Such acts are sometimes referred to as juvenile delinquency (Funk Wagnalls, 2014. Offering constructive programs reduces juvenile delinquency and reduces recidivism. â€Å"From the beginning, the principal consideration of the juvenile courtsRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesA juvenile delinquent offense is an act committed by a juvenile for which an adult would be tried at a criminal court. New statistics give an alarming picture: juvenile delinquency is higher as never before. According to the census bureau, in 2008 there were 1,653,000 recorded delinquent offenses in the United States. This is a 23.6% increase from 1990 when 1,337,000 delinquent offenses occurred. Today, a lot of people demand lowering the age of criminal responsibility and draconian penalties (JensonRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency and the Criminal Justice System1423 Words   |  6 PagesThere are so many issues facing our society today, especially in the criminal justice system. Within the criminal justice system, juvenile delinquency is an issue that I find the most overlooked and it is a problem that is growing, particularly in the poorer areas . The term juvenile delinquency refers to the antisocial or criminal activity under the age of 18 which violates the law. Everyone is affected by juvenile crime, parents, teachers, families and neighbors. It is essential that programs are

Conjugation of the Spanish Verb Salir

Salir, a common verb that typically means to leave, to exit or to depart, is irregular in ways that few verbs are. A -ga- or -dr- is inserted in some endings in ways that arent predictable. The only frequently used verb that is conjugated in the same way as salir is sobresalir, which usually means to stand out or to tower above. Two rare verbs, also based on salir, share the conjugation. They are resalir (an architectural term for emphasizing a feature in a building) and asalir (to leave for a meeting). Irregular forms aestabanre shown below in boldface. Translations are given as a guide and in real life may vary with context. Infinitive of Salir salir (to leave) Gerund of Salir saliendo (leaving) Participle of Salir salido (left) Present Indicative of Salir yo salgo, tà º sales, usted/à ©l/ella sale, nosotros/as salimos, vosotros/as salà ­s, ustedes/ellos/ellas salen (I leave, you leave, he leaves, etc.) Preterite of Salir yo salà ­, tà º saliste, usted/à ©l/ella salià ³, nosotros/as salimos, vosotros/as salisteis, ustedes/ellos/ellas salieron (I left, you left, she left, etc.) Imperfect Indicative of Salir yo salà ­a, tà º salà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella salà ­a, nosotros/as salà ­amos, vosotros/as salà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas salà ­an (I used to leave, you used to leave, he used to leave, etc.) Future Indicative of Salir yo saldrà ©, tà º saldrà ¡s, usted/à ©l/ella saldrà ¡, nosotros/as saldremos, vosotros/as saldrà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas saldrà ¡n (I will leave, you will leave, he will leave, etc.) Conditional of Salir yo saldrà ­a, tà º saldrà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella saldrà ­a, nosotros/as saldrà ­amos, vosotros/as saldrà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas saldrà ­an (I would leave, you would leave, she would leave, etc.) Present Subjunctive of Salir que yo salga, que tà º salgas, que usted/à ©l/ella salga, que nosotros/as salgamos, que vosotros/as salgà ¡is, que ustedes/ellos/ellas salgan (that I leave, that you leave, that she leave, etc.) Imperfect Subjunctive of Salir que yo saliera (saliese), que tà º salieras (salieses), que usted/à ©l/ella saliera (saliese), que nosotros/as salià ©ramos (salià ©semos), que vosotros/as salierais (salieseis), que ustedes/ellos/ellas salieran (saliesen) (that I left, that you left, that he left, etc.) Imperative of Salir sal (tà º), no salgas (tà º), salga (usted), salgamos (nosotros/as), salid (vosotros/as), no salgà ¡is (vosotros/as), salgan (ustedes) (leave, dont leave, leave, lets leave, etc.) Compound Tenses of Salir The perfect tenses are made by using the appropriate form of haber and the past participle, salido. The progressive tenses use estar with the gerund, saliendo. Sample Sentences Showing Conjugation of Salir Nadie los vio salir. (Nobody saw them leave. Infinitive.) Inglaterra ha salido de la institucià ³n europea, pero no ha salido de la economà ­a europea. (England has left the European institution, but it hasnt left the European economy. Present perfect.)  ¿Quià ©n dice que hemos salido de la crisis econà ³mica? (Who says that we are out of the economic crisis? Literally, who says that we have left the economic crisis? Present perfect.)   Las cosas se estaban saliendo de control. (Things were going out of control. Present progressive using the gerund.) A esa hora, en la costa oriental de Estados Unidos, la Luna estarà ¡ ponià ©ndose y el Sol estarà ¡ saliendo. (At that time on the east coast of the United States, the moon will be setting and the sun will be rising. Future progressive.) Salgo de mi trabajo a las tres de la maà ±ana. (I get off work at 3 a.m. Present indicative.) Los buses salen cada 20 minutos. (The buses leave every 20 minutes. Present indicative.) Todos los estudiantes salieron con là ¡grimas en los ojos. (All the students left with tears in their eyes. Preterite.) Podà ­as ver cà ³mo le salà ­a sangre de sus ojos. (You could see there was blood coming out of her eyes. Imperfect.) La verdad saldrà ¡ a la luz. (The truth will come to light. Future.) No saldrà © si mi padre no quiere que salga. (I will not leave if my father doesnt want me to.  (Future,  present subjunctive.) Aunque hacer helados caseros no es excesivamente complicado, lo cierto es que se necesita un equipamiento bà ¡sico para que salgan lo mà ¡s deliciosos posible. (Although making home-made ice cream treats isnt especially complicated, it is certain that you need basic equipment so they turn out as delicious as possible. Present subjunctive.)  ¿Que pasarà ­a si la Tierra se saliera de su à ³rbita? (What would happen if the Earth left its orbit? Imperfect subjunctive.) Si salià ©semos a la calle a preguntar por la mejor serie de videojuegos de basket, probablemente 9 de cada 10 nos responderà ­an â€Å"NBA 2K†. (If we were to go out on the street to ask what is the best basketball game video series, probably nine out of 10 would respond with â€Å"NBA 2K.† Imperfect subjunctive.) S​al ahora de tu zona de confort. (Get out of your comfort zone now. Imperative.) No salgà ¡is de allà ­ hasta que encontremos lo que queremos saber. (Dont leave from there until we find out what we want to know. Negative imperative.)

Why Are Value Investors Successful - 2223 Words

Value investing is the strategy of purchasing an asset which is trading at a significant discount from its determined intrinsic value. It has long been regarded as a low risk method of providing outstanding investment returns (Klarman 2001). The investment strategy was described by Benjamin Graham and David Dodd in their book, Security Analysis (1940, p. 724). Over subsequent decades the investment approach has evolved utilizing varying fundamental methodologies but always maintaining the principle of investing when a discount to intrinsic value exists. Graham and Dodd (1940, p. 368) referred to this principle as the margin of safety. This essay will explore the various methodologies, expand on the margin of safety concept and discover†¦show more content†¦Focussing on portfolio returns over time horizons of up to 5 years, the researchers offered strong empirical evidence of the effectiveness of the low P/BV strategy. Specifically average annual returns of 19.8% were reporte d. They were also able to surmise that there is ‘no support for the hypothesis that value strategies are fundamentally riskier. Piotroski (2000) expanded on research into a low P/BV strategy by only choosing financially strong firms using nine fundamental financial signals. This refined investment strategy was shown to generate returns above value portfolios formed solely by the low P/BV screening method. He then improved on this approach by demonstrating a strategy of short selling the financially weaker low P/BV firms to produce over-all returns of 23% per annum. Piotroski also notes that initial signs of improvement in financial performance are at first ignored by market participants, with share price reactions only occurring during subsequent positive quarterly earnings announcements. Investors and analysts have a tendency to rely too heavily on the record of past earnings growth (La Porta et al. 1997). According to Lakonishok, Shleifer Vishny (1994) popular strategies like extrapolating past earnings growth too far into the future or assuming a trend in stock prices, overreacting to good or bad news, or simply equating a good investment with a well-run companyShow MoreRelatedSuccessful Approaches For Investing : A Literature Review1325 Words   |  6 PagesSuccessful Approaches to Investing: A Literature Review Introduction Larry Ellison creator of the Oracle Corporation a 447.2-Billion-dollar multinational computer technology corporation, Mark Zuckerberg founder Facebook a 370-Billion-dollar social media service, and Warren Buffet founder of nothing. Among these three men who is the wealthiest? Shockingly, Warren Buffet is the richest with a net worth of 66.4 billion dollars. Warren Buffet utilized his investing acumen to go from a totalRead MoreKey Secrets For Successful Investments1045 Words   |  5 PagesKey Secrets to Successful Investments When it comes to developing a successful investment strategy, the first thing that must be understood is that there are no one-size-fits-all strategies, no get-rich-quick formulas and no short cuts. There is no substitute for experience and proper detailed research and analysis. What will be presented moving forward is contingent upon an individual putting in the time and effort to study the science of investing. When it comes to investing, the average personRead MoreNetscape Case Study1193 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Finance: Case Netscape 1. Why has Netscape been so successful to date? What is its strategy? How risky is its current competitive situation? Netscape follows a â€Å"give away today make money tomorrow†-strategy. Netscape currently has 75% of web browser market, making it by far the most popular browsing software. Netscape is making money by selling server software to companies that require marketing access to potential consumers, by selling its software packages and through providingRead MoreCustomer Segment : Funder ( Impact Investor1588 Words   |  7 PagesCustomer segment: Funder (impact investor philantrophist) Impact investors want to grow their money while they can still give impacts to the world via social companies. The reason about why impact investors do not invest in the normal profitable companies instead of social companies is because impact investors also aim for impacts to the world that they can give. It should be a good thing for the investor to be able to get a lot of profits, but also give positive impacts to the world or theyRead MoreGrowth and Value – Two Sides of the Same Coin?1056 Words   |  5 Pagesor â€Å"value† investors. While an apparently benign distinction, this simple act can have unintended consequences. This article will address conventional definitions of growth and value and then look to the market oracles for a dose of worldly wisdom. Value investing: The strategy of selecting stocks that trade for less than their intrinsic values. Value investors actively seek stocks of companies that they believe the market has undervalued. Growth Investing: A strategy whereby an investor seeksRead MoreRj Reynolds Tobacco Company And Nabisco Brands1064 Words   |  5 Pageshis promises quickly began selling pieces of RJR Nabisco to pay overwhelming interest payments. 2 What made this LBO feasible? RJR Nabisco was a smart LBO candidate because it showed steady growth unaffected by the business cycle. For a LBO to be successful it must fit the characteristics of low risk and moderate growth, which was seen in both its tobacco and food operations. Another factor that led to the LBO was the low capital expenditures. The firm also had a low debt level, at the time of theRead MoreStocktrak1242 Words   |  5 Pageshelp some investors a lot. However, I still hold that it is more critical for investors to react distinctively to the same information and try to unearth something special... An investment philosophy represents a set of beliefs about how investors behave and markets work. To be a successful investor, you not only have to consider the evidence from markets but you also have to examine your own strengths and weaknesses to come up with an investment philosophy that best fits you. Investors withoutRead MoreCareer Success vs. Career Failure: The Cautionary Tale of Ron Johnson1132 Words   |  4 Pagesaspirational retailing brands previously in his career didnt match the organizational needs and customer orientation at JC Penny. Successful leaders rely on self-awareness to keep the entire spectrum of their career plan synchronized to their life plan (Andolsen, 2008). After analyzing the failure of Ron Johnson attempting to operate JC Penny, it is clear he had now mission or value system of his own that was congruent with his new employer. He had no sense of mission to serve the lower-middle class andRead MoreWhat Is Dividend Policy?1629 Words   |  7 Pagesearnings and pay investors cash, they are quite different. With a share buyback programme, the company pays cash to the investor by buying back some of its outstanding shares. Companies can declare both regular and â€Å"extra† dividends. Reg ular dividends usually remain unchanged and pay dividends at regular intervals in the future, but â€Å"extraordinary† or â€Å"special† dividends are unlikely to be repeated. According to Miller and Modigliani (1961), the value the shares or returns to an investor remains unchangedRead MoreEssay 5 Questions To Ask To Know YouRe Investment Ready1365 Words   |  6 Pagesreadiness and what does it mean? Here’s a look at this all-important subject. â€Å"Is the market big enough?† Investors are looking for big returns. In the case of venture capitalists, the expected returns can be anything as high as 10x the investment. Therefore, investors need a demonstrable market opportunity. Essentially, you need to know whether the market is big enough to provide investors the right returns. What this boils down to is growth and scalability. As Paul Graham has said, startups are

Astronauts - Hayden Analysis free essay sample

In Astronauts Robert Hayden explores the philosophical issues associated with the exploration of the manned mission to the moon. Despite the bravely independent title ‘Astronauts’ the first five lines of the poem actually reveal the lack of identity and personality of the astronauts, as they are ‘faceless in their visors,’ an idea that Hayden accentuated in lines three to five where their ‘mirror- masks / reflecting the general glare and / shadow of moonscape. The alliteration that Hayden uses not only emphasizes the absence of any defining features on the moon, but also accentuates the slow rhythm, which symbolizes the footsteps on the moon. In turn this echoes the absence of specific details about these astronauts. The absence of personality and identity seems initially to be broken at the end of the first stanza when the poet uses colloquial terms to reflect the astronauts’ excitement as they exclaim ‘wow’ and ‘oh boy,’ Hayden carries this tone over to the next stanza where the word ‘exulting’ suggests their elation. However, the fact that Hayden employs a third person stance throughout the poem effectively distances us from the astronauts preventing us from sharing their emotion. This sense of distance is re-emphasized for the reader in stanza two by the parentheses which seem to include a direct address from the poet or persona to the reader reminding us of the ‘training’ that the astronauts have undergone encouraging them to ‘be wary of emotion and philosophy’. This disturbance and warning ultimately undermine the excited singing of the astronauts, creating a sense of disappointment, which perhaps foreshadows the fact that we will be left ‘troubled’ at the end of the poem as if the moon landing has left us only with questions and doubts instead of the answers that we perhaps sought in the journey of discovery. The essential emptiness of this scene which should be filled with excitement is perhaps best indicated by the lines ‘breaking / the calcined stillness / of once Absolute Otherwhere. Essentially, these lines may seem to suggest a break through as the poet could be using the contrast between ‘the somewheres that we know on Earth and the ‘Absolute Otherwhere’ on the Moon to show that we have finally conquered this most distant of places. However, like the mood of rejoicing at the end of stanza one, this heroic interpretation is undermined as ‘Absolute Otherwhere’. Hayden capitalizes this and its position just before the closing of the end-stopped line can perhaps imply that the moon has not really been explored at all. In reality, it seems that the astronauts on the screen remain small, ‘poignantly human’ and ultimately insignificant in contrast to the vast emptiness of space. The idea of human exploration is emphasized at the beginning of the third stanza by the line ‘Risking edges’ and the vulnerability of the astronauts is further reinforced by the fact that it is only their ‘machines’ and perhaps ‘God’ who are ‘friendly’ to the them. Hayden’s reference to God may reveal how the astronauts’ equipment will not be enough to help them should something go wrong and the irony of relying on God in such a technologically advanced age may be used by Hayden to reveal how insecure the situation of these men really is, an idea accentuated by the question mark after the mildly comic image of God’s ‘radar-watching eye? ’ which suggests that even if he were needed, God would not actually be there to provide assistance. This perhaps encourages the reader to reinterpret the title and opening line of the poem, ‘Armored in Oxygen,’ which initially seemed heroically grand but in the light of stanza three perhaps suggests the fragility of the astronauts as, like the one word title, the astronauts are isolated and on their own and their only armor is a flimsy gas which now seems insubstantial in comparison to the ‘general glare and shadow of the moonscape,’ and the ‘snowshine of sunlight dangerous as Radium. The insignificance of the astronauts is, however, most powerfully emphasized by the description of them as ‘anti heroes’ who are ‘smaller than myth’. By the end of the poem Hayden has undermined any sense of exultation created in stanza one and he seems to be suggesting that instead of pushing forward the boundaries of science all the moon landing has done is reveal to us something ‘poignant’ about the human condition. Alternatively Hayden could be questioning the value of continued scientific exploration and technological development when any knowledge that we do managed to glean could only ever be inconsequential in comparison to the ‘Absolute Otherwhere’ of the universe. Indeed, the fact that the exact nature of what is being questioned is left ambiguous could suggest how humanity is so hopefully confused that we don’t even really know what our questions are. The tone of the final stanza of the poem is ‘troubled’ and uncertain. The triad of questions implies that Hayden and the reader are uncertain about what we want from ourselves or perhaps from life. He seems to be implying that we have sent these men to the moon to find something for us but that they will be unable to do this perhaps because, ultimately the answers, if they are discoverable at all, lie closer to home. Perhaps the absence of a regular rhyme scheme and the fractured appearance of the poem on the page reinforce this sense that, for the reader, there is no real comforting answer or completeness to the questions.

The Winters Tale Leontes Essay Example

The Winters Tale Leontes Essay From sanity to madness in 350 lines. Explore the presentation of Leontes in Act 1 focussing closely on language and imageryAs with many of Shakespeares plays, we are introduced to the protagonist through the conversation of two of the more minor characters. We are instantly made aware of Leontes and Polixenes friendship. The fact that they were trained together in their childhoods combined with the reference to them as the states of which they are head (Sicilia and Bohemia) shows their importance. More interesting is the description of their relationship. Camillo states that:there rootedbetwixt them then such an affection which cannot choose butbranch nowShakespeares use of tree-like imagery and decision to use the verb branch leaves us with two possible interpretations of this sentence. To the first time reader, it probably suggests that their relationship will thrive and proliferate. On second reading, however, this choice of language could be seen as prophetically ironic in the se nse that it predicts their divergence in opposite directions.In order for us to understand the background to Leontes downfall, Shakespeare exposes us to his relationships with the two other protagonists. Leontes refers to Polixenes, who Camillo has already told us is a childhood friend, as brother. In this circumstance, it is meant as a term of endearment. However, just 130 lines later, he asks Polixenes How ist with you, best brother?. This time brother, coupled with the sarcastic and equally plosive best, rings hollow and contains little affection.It is also essential to understand his relationship with Hermione. In the second scene, she appears very docile. She does not speak until addressed as our queen, again a term of endearment. When she does speak, she refers to her husband as sir, showing that she upholds respect for him and that he is the power figure.Almost instantly after introducing this sanity, we tumble into madness. Shakespeare interjects this paranoia quite unexpect edly, when Leontes realises that at my request he [Polixenes] would not stay with them in Sicily for longer, but at Hermiones request he will.One method Shakespeare uses to illustrate this is by Leontes picking up on seemingly innocuous words used by his wife and twisting their meaning into something far more suspect. One example is Hermiones reaction to his accusations:Hermione What is this Sport?Leontes Bear the boy hence; he shall not come about her.Away with him, and let her sport herself.Leontes takes Hermiones response, which she said in confusion as to whether or not he is being farcical, and, in his paranoia, plays on the term as if she is playing a role in an undefined game with Polixenes. This literary method can also be seen during his conversation alone with Camillo when he twists his usage of the term satisfy to a far more sexual definition.His erratic mind is perhaps best illustrated in one of his initial speeches. As with sport in the previous extract, Leontes picks u p on his own use of the verb play. He switches from telling his son to innocently go, play, boy, play to a far more sinister your mother plays in one single line. This erratic mind is also illustrated through Shakepeares use of syntax. Some lines, such as the first three, a regularly punctuated and contain caesuras causing a reader to speak in a rapid and erratic manner. Equally, the seventh to fifteenth line contains one long sentence with little punctuation. The lack of pauses causes the sentence to pick up pace and sound equally as insane as the previous lines.His choice of language is equally effective on an aural level. He juxtapositions the sibilant sounds of issue and hiss with the plosive sounds of contempt and clamour. This contrast of tones aids the speechs erratic overtones.Leontes paranoia is perhaps best illustrated through his use of very exaggerated imagery, which, juxtapositioned with his term of endearment a few lines prior, show his deteriorated state. In this spee ch, Shakepeare uses metaphors relating to an invaded piece of property. His references to a gate opened and a barricado, show how he considers Hermione to be a possession, which has been taken from him.He also portrays Hermione using imagery relating to the lowest and least respected members of their society. He calls her a hobby-horse (whore) and as wrank as any flax-wench. These terms are shocking images for the audience to be presented with when, on stage, Hermione seems a respectable queen. This shock is shown by Camillo who, when confronted with Leontes suspicion, feels he must defend his queen referring to her as his sovereign mistress. Further imagery such as sluiced has an equally shocking and vulgar effect.His use of similes is very effective. He announces that women will say anything and that they are false as oer-dyed blacks, as wind, as waters, false as dice are to be wished by one that fixes. These extensive exaggerations show his insanity because, as a member of the au dience who can tell that his wifes liaisons are completely fictitious, can see the dramatic irony of how detailed he is about something false and how obsessive he is becoming. As the speech containing the aforementioned extract continues, he continues to use repetition and questions, which emphasise his confused state.Once he has become undoubtedly paranoid, it would be easy for the audience to forget his initial state, thus making his paranoia seem less of a change. In order to overcome this hurdle, Shakespeare juxtapositions his short, direct and rational commands when in company (You, my lords, look on her and mark her well) with his rambling, overstated speeches. Many of his speeches are presented as asides. This has the effect of separating his thoughts from the real world and emphasising to the audience that this entire saga is purely part of his imagination.Through his careful juxtapositions and use of exaggerated language and imagery, Shakespeare successfully presents the do wnfall of Leontes in a single scene.

Overview of Imagism in Poetry

Overview of Imagism in Poetry In the March 1913 issue of the magazine Poetry, there appeared  a note titled Imagisme, signed by one F.S. Flint, offering this description of the Imagistes†: â€Å"... they were contemporaries of the post-impressionists and the futurists, but they had nothing in common with these schools. They had not published a manifesto. They were not a revolutionary school; their only endeavor was to write in accordance with the best tradition as they found it in the best writers of all time - in Sappho, Catullus, Villon. They seemed to be absolutely intolerant of all poetry that was not written in such endeavor, ignorance of the best tradition forming no excuse ...† At the beginning of the 20th century, a time in which all the arts were politicized and revolution was in the air, the imagist poets were traditionalists, conservatives even, looking back to ancient Greece and Rome and to 15th-century France for their poetic models. But in reacting against the Romantics who preceded them, these modernists were also revolutionaries, writing manifestos that spelled out the principles of their poetic work. F.S. Flint was a real person, a poet, and critic who championed free verse and some of the poetic ideas associated with imagism before the publication of this little essay, but Ezra Pound later claimed that he, Hilda Doolittle (H.D.) and her husband, Richard Aldington, had actually written the â€Å"note† on Imagism. In it were laid out the three standards by which all poetry should be judged: Direct treatment of the thing, whether subjective or objectiveTo use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentationAs regarding rhythm: to compose in sequence of the musical phrase, not in sequence of the metronome Pound’s Rules of Language, Rhythm, ​and Rhyme Flint’s note was followed in that same issue of  Poetry by a series of poetic prescriptions titled A Few Donts by an Imagiste,  to which Pound signed his own name, and which he began with this definition: â€Å"An ‘image’ is that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time.† This was the central aim of imagism - to make poems that concentrate everything the poet wishes to communicate into a precise and vivid image, to distill the poetic statement into an image rather than using poetic devices like meter and rhyme to complicate and decorate it. As Pound put it, â€Å"It is better to present one image in a lifetime than to produce voluminous works.† Pound’s commands to poets will sound familiar to anyone who has been in a poetry workshop in the near-century since he wrote them: Cut poems down to the bone and eliminate every unnecessary word - â€Å"Use no superfluous word, no adjective, which does not reveal something. ... Use either no ornament or good ornament.†Make everything concrete and particular - â€Å"Go in fear of abstractions.†Do not try to make a poem by decorating prose or chopping it into poetic lines - â€Å"Don’t retell in mediocre verse what has already been done in good prose. Don’t think any intelligent person is going to be deceived when you try to shirk all the difficulties of the unspeakably difficult art of good prose by chopping your composition into line lengths.†Study the musical tools of poetry to use them with skill and subtlety, without distorting the natural sounds, images and meanings of language - â€Å"Let the neophyte know assonance and alliteration, rhyme immediate and delayed, simple and polyphonic, as a musician would expect to know harmony and counterpoint and all the minutiae of his craft ... your rhythmic structure should not destroy the shape of your words or their natural sound or their meaning.† For all his critical pronouncements, Pound’s best and most memorable crystallization of imagism came in the next month’s issue of Poetry, in which he published the quintessential imagist poem, â€Å"In a Station of the Metro.† Imagist Manifestos and Anthologies The first anthology of Imagist poets, Des Imagistes, was edited by Pound and published in 1914, presenting poems by Pound, Doolittle, and Aldington, as well as Flint, Skipwith Cannell, Amy Lowell, William Carlos Williams, James Joyce, Ford Madox Ford, Allen Upward and John Cournos. By the time this book appeared, Lowell had stepped into the role of promoter of imagism - and Pound, concerned that her enthusiasm would expand the movement beyond his strict pronouncements, had already moved on from what he now dubbed â€Å"Amygism† to something he called â€Å"vorticism.† Lowell then served as editor of a series of anthologies, Some Imagist Poets, in 1915, 1916 and 1917. In the preface to the first of these, she offered her own outline of the principles of imagism: To use the language of common speech but to employ always the exact word, not the nearly exact, nor the merely decorative word.To create new rhythms - as the expression of new moods - and not to copy old rhythms, which merely echo old moods. We do not insist on free-verse as the only method of writing poetry. We fight for it as for a principle of liberty. We believe that the individuality of a poet may often be better expressed in free-verse than in conventional forms. In poetry, a new cadence means a new idea.To allow absolute freedom in the choice of subject. It is not good art to write badly about aeroplanes and automobiles; nor is it necessarily bad art to write well about the past. We believe passionately in the artistic value of modern life, but we wish to point out that there is nothing so uninspiring nor so old-fashioned as an aeroplane of the year 1911.To present an image (hence the name: ‘imagist’). We are not a school of painters, but we believe that poetry should render particulars exactly and not deal in vague generalities, however magnificent and sonorous. It is for this reason that we oppose the cosmic poet, who seems to us to shirk the real difficulties of art. To produce poetry that is hard and clear, never blurred nor indefinite.Finally, most of us believe that concentration is of the very essence of poetry. The third volume was the last publication of the imagists as such - but their influence can be traced in many strains of poetry that followed in the 20th century, from the objectivists to the beats to the language poets.

Uncooperative Witness & Collection of Evidence Assignment

Uncooperative Witness & Collection of Evidence - Assignment Example Given such circumstances the investigator has to find ways and means of convincing that witness to agree or find another way to collect the required evidence. Introduction The process of collecting evidence to be used in the prosecution of an offender usually involves collecting evidence from witnesses. Witness accounts are usually by far the best type of evidence in criminal cases as a god truthful witness can be most convincing at a trial. However, when witnesses choose to be uncooperative due to fear or any other type of misgivings, it may make it hard for a prosecution to be successful and may even result in the acquittal of a guilty person or the throwing out of the case on a technicality. It is the investigators’ work to ensure that they get the most reliable and believable witnesses but it is also important that the witness be willing and able to testify in a court of law when called upon to do so. It is therefore the work of the investigator and the prosecution in prep aring witnesses for court and also ensuring that their testimony is availed to the judge and jury in the most efficient manner. 1. The investigator’s work is to ensure that all the evidence is presented to a court of law in a way that makes it possible for the correct finding to be made based on facts and evidence presented. One of the prime duties in accomplishing this is the finding, interviewing and preparing of witnesses that will be able to give useful evidence at trial (Shirreff, 2011). This process can be hampered when a witness is reluctant or uncooperative because of what they may perceive as negative impacts of their testifying at a particular trial. The investigator therefore needs to be very careful in their handling of the witnesses by clearly explaining to them the reasons why their evidence is required. The evidence that the witnesses give needs to be handled in a manner that ensures that it is not contaminated either by being influenced by that of other witnes ses in the same trial (Bertino, 2011). It is important that the investigator familiarizes himself or herself with the situation of the witness and that all the circumstances in which they have to testify. This needs to be clarified ducting the interview process and be recorded as such to ensure that the witness knows that the investigator is fully aware of what the witness thinks will be the impact of their testimony on himself and others. Such collection of evidence in an orderly and calm composed manner also ensures that the witness feels safe and secure in the trial. It is important the investigator also makes the witness aware of any danger that they may be placing themselves in by testifying and also, more importantly, the remedies that are available in law to mitigate this. One of the paramount duties of the investigator is to protect the integrity of all their evidence including the evidence that is given by the witnesses and in this case it means protecting the witness thems elves (Bertino, 2011). 2. There are some ways in which an investigator can ensure that an important witness co-operates with the investigation. One of the most important ways is to reassure the witness that the impact of their evidence is to get the right person imprisoned and also where